Description

This study combined multiple techniques (e.g., RNAscope in-situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, single-cell RNA sequencing, bulk RNA sequencing, and functional assays) to investigate the inflammatory response associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in human vascular tissues. Single cell RNA-sequencing data obtained from samples collected for this study is available via the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).

27 coronary autopsy specimens were collected from 8 patients (mean age of 69.6 years) with a RT-PCR-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 between May 2020 and May 2021. All patients had coronary artery disease and three or more cardiovascular disease risk factors (e.g., hypertension). Fresh carotid plaque specimens were obtained from 10 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy enrolled in a separate study (Athero-IN). These plaques were classified by a clinical cardiovascular pathologist (fibrocalcific, fibroatheroma, or unclassifiable) and processed for single cell RNA sequencing. To produce macrophages, human primary monocytes were exposed to human macrophage-colony stimulating factor in culture media; the macrophages and foam cells extracted from human aortic smooth muscle were then infected in-vitro with SARS-CoV-2 virus to examine differential interferon response and virus clearance dynamics as well as quantify the secretion of cytokines and chemokines. Ex-vivo SARS-CoV-2 infection of human vascular explants was performed for bulk RNA sequencing and NRP-1 blocking experiments. Specimen collection, processing, and analysis are detailed further in the associated publication.

Timeframe
2020 - 2021
Geographic Coverage
New York (State) - New York City
Subject of Study
Subject Domain
Population Age
Adult (19 years - 64 years)
Senior (65 years - 79 years)
Aged (80 years and over)
Keywords

Access

Restrictions
Free to All
Instructions
Sequencing data and code is available through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and GitHub repositories, respectively. Other data utilized in analyses that were reported in the associated publication can be accessed through the links under Other Resources.
Access via GEO

scRNA-seq data from six human carotid arteries
Accession #: GSE224273

Access via GEO

scRNA-seq data from four human carotid arteries and bulk RNA-seq data from macrophages, foam cells, and plaque tissues infected with SARS-CoV-2
Accession #: GSE235437

Access via GitHub

Source data and code for manuscript figures

Associated Publications
Data Type
Equipment Used
Illumina HiSeq 4000
Illumina NovaSeq 6000
Software Used
Cell Ranger v3.1.0
DESeq2 v1.30.1
Enrichr
fastp v0.20.1
FastQC v0.11.7
GraphPad Prism v9.0
Harmony
Indica Labs HALO AI v3.6.4134
Indica Labs HALO v3.5.3577
inForm v2.6
MiloR v1.3.1
Seurat v4.0.3
STAR v2.6.1d
Subread package v1.6.3
Study Type
Observational
Dataset Format(s)
Microsoft Excel, TSV, MTX
Grant Support
NFL-2020-218415/Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
20SFRN35210252/American Heart Association
AHA 965509/American Heart Association
Postdoctoral Fellowship 19-A0-00-1003686/American Heart Association
Other Resources
GenBank

SARS-CoV-2 genome