This study described human psoriasis (PsO), which is a prototypic immune-mediated condition with a high predilection for extra-cutaneous involvement. Although the cellular and molecular features of human inflammatory skin diseases have been identified, their tissue context and systemic impact remains unclear. Spatial transcriptomics was performed to explain the cellular landscape of both healthy and...

Psychological stress is linked with systemic inflammation. It accelerates inflammatory disease progression and monocytes are key in sustaining systemic inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying stress-mediated inflammation and future health risk remains unknown. This study examined the impact of psychological stress on monocytes and showed that psychological stress induces remodeling of the...

MicroRNA-33 (miR-33) targeted inhibition increases plasma HDL cholesterol and promotes atherosclerosis regression by enhancing reverse cholesterol transport and dampening plaque inflammation. This study showed how miR-33 inhibition alters the dynamic balance and transcriptional landscape of immune cells in atherosclerotic plaques. They used single cell RNA sequencing of aortic CD45+ cells, combined...

CD8+ T cell accumulation in tumors is essential for effective immunotherapy. However, the mechanisms of lymphocyte transit are still unclear. This study examined lymphatic vessel-mediated effector CD8+ T cell exit limits the accumulation of a broad repertoire of functional CD8+ T cells that improve tumor control in combination with immune checkpoint blockade. They showed that tumor-associated lymphatic...

Periodontal disease (PD) is induced by a bacterial dysbiosis in the oral cavity that stimulates inflammation and bone loss. This study showed elevation of succinate in PD, which aggravates the disease through the succinate receptor (SUCNR1). Metabolomics assay compared the succinate level in the subgingival plaque of patients with PD. RNAscope and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to validate...

Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) change during metabolic stress and are thought to contribute to metabolic syndrome. This study examined ATM subpopulations in steady state and in response to nutritional and infectious challenges. They characterized the epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) lymphoid and myeloid cell populations under steady state using RNA sequencing to analyze the transcriptome of...

This study identified the gut microbiome during an acute enteric infection in patients with and without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A cross-sectional study was performed on 260 patients who underwent stool testing and tested positive for Clostridioides difficile, Escherichia coli, or norovirus, or negative for all pathogens, and 25 healthy controls. They collected the following data from the...

The transcription factor RORγt is important for T helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation. This study examined the role of the closely-related RORα in regulating the Th17 effector program. For the study, mouse T cells were purified from lymph nodes and spleens of six to eight week old mice. The dataset includes RNA sequencing analysis of ex vivo Th17 cells from draining lymph nodes or spinal cords of...

T follicular helper (TFH) cells are CD4+ T helper cells that are important for immune responses to infection and vaccination. This study examined the translational regulation required for CD4+ T helper cells to differentiate to TFH cells and its contribution to TFH cell participation in pathogenesis in autoimmune disease in animal models. The experiments for non-autoimmune studies were performed with...

Resident memory T cells (TRM) provide localized protection due to their position in barrier tissues. However, interstitial signals necessary for their formation and persistence are not properly understood. This study demonstrated that antigen-dependent induction of the chemokine receptor, CXCR6, is a conserved requirement for TRM formation in peripheral tissue after viral infection. They used cutaneous...