Chemogenetic technology designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD) is a widely used experimental method to control neuronal activity with an exogenous receptor. This study virally expressed an excitatory DREADD in all inhibitory interneuron types of the CA1 region of the hippocampus in the rat. For this study, Sprague Dawley rats were used for viral injection and intracranial...

Several spatial coding mechanisms are known to coexist in the hippocampus. However, how are they influenced by various environmental features is still unclear. This study investigated the spatial coding characteristics of hippocampal neurons in mice and rats navigating in different environments. C57BL/6 mice and Long-Evans rats were used in this study. For both mice and rats, most CA1 cells were recorded...

This study described a unique set of deep layer neurons in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) whose spiking activity is inversely correlated with all principal cells and interneurons in all brain states, but most commonly during the down state of non-REM (NREM) sleep. They identified down state-active (DSA) neurons as deep layer neocortical neurogliaform cells that express ID2 and Nkx2.1. For this study,...

Spike sequences are exemplified by memory replays in sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) and high-frequency oscillations resulting from pyramidal cell-interneuron interactions in the hippocampus. However, the microcircuitry mechanism that enables such flexible spike sequencing remains unknown. This study recorded the membrane potentials of multiple hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in mice. For this study, whole-cell...

Previous studies showed that harnessing innate immunity via CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) modulates age-related defects. This study used elderly female squirrel monkeys as model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Current immunotherapeutic trials for Alzheimer’s disease have amyloid-related imaging flaws, which are linked to the presence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Therefore, the...

Study investigators examined blood samples from participants in the NYU Women’s Health Study (NYUWHS)--a cohort of 14,274 women enrolled between 1985 and 1991 through a breast cancer screening center in New York City--to identify autoantibodies associated with healthy women. The blood samples were collected at the time of enrollment and at annual screening visits until 1991 and long term follow-up...

Basal forebrain cholinergic neuron (BFCN) degeneration is an indicator of Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The Ts65Dn (Ts) mouse model recapitulates both cognitive and morphological deficits of DS and AD, including BFCN degeneration. Therefore, this study used Ts mice to understand mechanisms underlying BFCN degeneration to identify novel targets for therapeutic intervention. They performed...

Brain metastasis is the most common intracranial malignancy in adults, which is often fatal. Studies have shown that brain metastases depend on cooperative cellular interactions between tumor cells and specialized cells within the central nervous system (CNS). Metabolic constraints imposed by the serine and glycine limited brain environment restrict metastatic tumor growth. This study showed that 3-phosphoglycerate...

Learning and memory are presumed to be supported by mechanisms that involve cholinergic transmission and hippocampal theta. This study examined the effect of sustained cholinergic activation on memory performance. For this study, they used G protein-coupled receptor activation based acetylcholine sensor to monitor acetylcholine activity during memory performance in mice. The dataset contains behavioral,...

This study developed a scalable model for long-term vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were instrumented with implanted ECG electrodes to measure heart rate threshold in conscious animals. In awake experiments, animals implanted with ECG leads were gently restrained and connected to a commutator that interfaced with the stimulus generator and the bio-amplifier. The dataset includes...