Chemogenetic technology designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD) is a widely used experimental method to control neuronal activity with an exogenous receptor. This study virally expressed an excitatory DREADD in all inhibitory interneuron types of the CA1 region of the hippocampus in the rat. For this study, Sprague Dawley rats were used for viral injection and intracranial...

Several spatial coding mechanisms are known to coexist in the hippocampus. However, how are they influenced by various environmental features is still unclear. This study investigated the spatial coding characteristics of hippocampal neurons in mice and rats navigating in different environments. C57BL/6 mice and Long-Evans rats were used in this study. For both mice and rats, most CA1 cells were recorded...

Place cells receive a disparate collection of excitatory and inhibitory currents that provide them with spatially selective discharges and rhythmic activity. This study combined intracellular and extracellular recordings with computational modeling and optogenetic or chemogenetic manipulations to examine the influence of inhibitory and excitatory inputs on CA1 pyramidal cell responses. Homozygous CaMKIIa-Cre...

This study described a unique set of deep layer neurons in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) whose spiking activity is inversely correlated with all principal cells and interneurons in all brain states, but most commonly during the down state of non-REM (NREM) sleep. They identified down state-active (DSA) neurons as deep layer neocortical neurogliaform cells that express ID2 and Nkx2.1. For this study,...

Spike sequences are exemplified by memory replays in sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) and high-frequency oscillations resulting from pyramidal cell-interneuron interactions in the hippocampus. However, the microcircuitry mechanism that enables such flexible spike sequencing remains unknown. This study recorded the membrane potentials of multiple hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in mice. For this study, whole-cell...

The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study is a prospective longitudinal epidemiological study conducted in four communities: Forsyth County (North Carolina), Jackson (Mississippi), Minneapolis (Minnesota), and Washington County (Maryland). ARIC is designed to investigate the causes of atherosclerosis and its clinical outcomes, and variations in cardiovascular risk factors, medical care,...

Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) was a large clinical trial examining methods of lowering the rate of cardiovascular disease in adults with type two diabetes. The study was composed of three main clinical trials: an intensive lowering of blood sugar levels (Glycemia Trial), intensive lowering of blood pressure (Blood Pressure Trial), and treatment of multiple blood lipids...

The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) is an ongoing cohort study dedicated to identifying common factors or characteristics that contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is a collaborative project of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University. In 1948, an original cohort of 5,209 men and women between 30 and 62 years old were recruited from Framingham, MA. An Offspring Cohort...

The Jackson Heart Study (JHS) is a population-based longitudinal study based in Jackson, Mississippi that investigates risk factors for cardiovascular disease among African Americans. It is a collaborative research project by the University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson State University, and Tougaloo College. The primary objective is to investigate environmental and genetic factors associated...

This dataset was created as part of a prospective review of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) recordings obtained during intraoperative monitoring (IOM) on instrumented spinal surgeries that were performed for chronic underlying neurologic and neuromuscular conditions, including scoliosis, myelopathy, and spinal stenosis, on patients who did not exhibit any postoperative neurologic deficits. For...