Several spatial coding mechanisms are known to coexist in the hippocampus. However, how are they influenced by various environmental features is still unclear. This study investigated the spatial coding characteristics of hippocampal neurons in mice and rats navigating in different environments. C57BL/6 mice and Long-Evans rats were used in this study. For both mice and rats, most CA1 cells were recorded...

This study described a unique set of deep layer neurons in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) whose spiking activity is inversely correlated with all principal cells and interneurons in all brain states, but most commonly during the down state of non-REM (NREM) sleep. They identified down state-active (DSA) neurons as deep layer neocortical neurogliaform cells that express ID2 and Nkx2.1. For this study,...

The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study is a prospective longitudinal epidemiological study conducted in four communities: Forsyth County (North Carolina), Jackson (Mississippi), Minneapolis (Minnesota), and Washington County (Maryland). ARIC is designed to investigate the causes of atherosclerosis and its clinical outcomes, and variations in cardiovascular risk factors, medical care,...

The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) is an ongoing cohort study dedicated to identifying common factors or characteristics that contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is a collaborative project of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University. In 1948, an original cohort of 5,209 men and women between 30 and 62 years old were recruited from Framingham, MA. An Offspring Cohort...

The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) is a longitudinal national health study sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) that focuses on strategies for preventing heart disease, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women in the United States. The study includes data from 161,808 women aged 50-79 years old at the time of enrollment. Available...

Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) was a large clinical trial examining methods of lowering the rate of cardiovascular disease in adults with type two diabetes. The study was composed of three main clinical trials: an intensive lowering of blood sugar levels (Glycemia Trial), intensive lowering of blood pressure (Blood Pressure Trial), and treatment of multiple blood lipids...

This ongoing prospective cohort study examines a wide range of individual, social and structural factors as predictors of risk and resilience for behavioral outcomes (e.g., substance use and sexual activity), mental health conditions (e.g., depression, anxiety) and biological outcomes (e.g., HIV seroconversion, viral and bacterial sexually transmitted infections) in a sample of emerging adult men based...

Project AsPIRE (Asian American Partnership in Research and Endowment) was a community-based participatory research program designed to develop, test, and evaluate a community health worker model designed to reduce cardiovascular disease and hypertension disparities among Filipino Americans living in New York and New Jersey. The project consisted of a pilot intervention and a 4-month full intervention....

The study was designed to determine whether a city-mandated policy requiring calorie labeling at fast food restaurants was associated with consumer awareness of labels, calories purchased, and number of fast food restaurant visits. Point-of-purchase receipts, in-person interviews, and telephone surveys via random-digit dialing were collected as a part of this study on calorie labeling in fast food...

Researchers collected data in the South Bronx to determine the impact of government-subsidized supermarkets in high-need areas on food availability and dietary habits. Data was collected in Morrisania, a community in the South Bronx where the government-subsidized New York City FRESH Program supermarket was opened and in Highbridge, a comparison community in the South Bronx that does not have a similar...