Several spatial coding mechanisms are known to coexist in the hippocampus. However, how are they influenced by various environmental features is still unclear. This study investigated the spatial coding characteristics of hippocampal neurons in mice and rats navigating in different environments. C57BL/6 mice and Long-Evans rats were used in this study. For both mice and rats, most CA1 cells were recorded in the middle region along the transversal CA1 axis. The dataset contains behavioral, electrophysiological, and immunohistochemistry data. This study showed that deep and superficial CA1 place cells used different codes for space depending on the availability of cues.