This study characterized gut microbiome in pre-treatment stool using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenome sequencing in melanoma patients undergoing immunotherapy. Transcriptional expression of metagenomic pathways was confirmed with metatranscriptome sequencing. Metatranscriptomics is important for determining expression of metagenomic functions in the microbial community. They also examined associations of taxa and metagenomic pathways with progression-free survival (PFS).

The dataset contains 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenome sequencing data. The publication also has supplementary data, which includes several tables. The tables contain data about alpha and beta diversity in relation to PFS, genera, species, sub-operational taxonomic units (s-OTUs), and subspecies, metagenome MetaCyc functional pathways, metagenome MetaCyc reactions, and UniRef90 gene families.