Cochlear implant use require neuroplasticity within the central auditory system. Despite extensive studies on how cochlear implants activate the auditory system, understanding of cochlear implant-related neuroplasticity remains unknown. This study investigated behavioral responses and neural activity in locus coeruleus and auditory cortex of deafened rats fitted with multi-channel cochlear implants. A total of 59 adult female Long Evans rats were used for these studies: 16 TH-cre rats for training, 4 other TH-cre rats for photometry with the cochlear implant, 2 other TH-cre rats for photometry in normal-hearing rats, 10 other TH-cre rats for optogenetics, 14 rats used for measuring auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) or electrical ABRs (EABRs) pre- and post-deafening (11 wild-type and 3 TH-cre rats), 4 untrained wild-type rats for multi-unit recordings, 5 rats for in vivo whole-cell recording (2 untrained and 3 trained; 2 of the trained rats were TH-cre), and 4 untrained wild-type rats for cochleogram analysis. The dataset contains behavioral, fiber photometry, immunohistochemistry, and electrophysiology data.