This data was collected as part of a study of Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis (POMS), and to define the neuroanatomic underpinnings of deficits identified with cognitive screening batteries in POMS.

Participants with POMS (n=15) were recruited through outpatients visits at the Lourie Center for Pediatric MS at Stony Brook University Health Center, and healthy controls (n=21) were recruited through community-based advertisements between February 2015 and December 2015. Subjects were included if they had a POMS diagnoses prior to the age of 18, English language fluency, a score above the 85th percentile on the Wide Range Achievement, 3rd edition (WRAT-3) serving as an estimate of general intellectual functioning. Patients were excluded if they had any other psychiatric or neurological conditions, clinically or radiologically isolated syndromes, a history of prior cognitive impairment, or a history of neurodevelopmental disorders.

POMS participants underwent neurological examination, including the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). All participants then received the Cogstate Brief Battery, which consists of three reaction time tasks, and the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS), which includes the oral test of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), visual learning from the Brief Visual Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), and verbal learning from Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Diffusion MRI scans were performed at the Stony Brook Hospital.