Long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) is an autonomously active retrotransposon in the human genome. The LINE-1 mRNA encodes two proteins, ORF1p and ORF2p, which are essential for retrotransposition. This study showed that electrostatic interactions and trimer conformational dynamics together tune the properties of ORF1p assemblies to allow for efficient LINE-1 ribonucleoprotein complex formation in cells using a combination of biochemical reconstitution and live-cell imaging.

The dataset includes supplementary data tied to the publication. The supplementary data contains source data for figures, including data for cytoplasmic and nuclear ORF1 puncta tracking, ORF1-ORF1 colocalization, ORF1-LINE-1 reporter RNA colocalization, wild-type ORF1p in vitro droplet fusion, wild-type, K3A/K4A, and R261A ORF1p cellular ORF1 puncta count, wild-type, K3A/K4A, and R261A LINE-1 retrotransposition. It also includes data for StammerDel, StammerAAA, and StammerAEA cellular ORF1 puncta count, StammerDel, StammerAAA, and StammerAEA LINE-1 retrotransposition, and ORF1p mutant in vitro droplet fusion.